Analysis · EV Infrastructure Profiles
EV infrastructure profiles: who runs U.S. charging
Economic profiles of the companies that build, own and run public EV charging: business models, network size, pricing, revenue and margins, and the shift to NACS.
Drive Economics has no affiliation with, sponsorship from, or endorsement by any charging network, automaker, charger maker, utility or program named here.
The short answer
- Three business models run U.S. public charging. Owner-operators such as EVgo and Electrify America own chargers and sell charging. Asset-light companies such as ChargePoint sell chargers and software to site hosts, who own them and set prices. Tesla builds the cars, the chargers and the network.
- Fast charging is concentrated; Level 2 is not. The four networks profiled here hold 71% of the 79,222 public DC fast ports in AFDC, and Tesla alone holds 51% (AFDC). ChargePoint holds 44% of 182,703 public Level 2 ports.
- Utilization decides returns. Fast ports were in use 15.9% of the time nationally in Q3 2026, 21.1% across the 30 largest metros, and the average price was $0.540 per kWh (Paren).
- These are economic profiles, not endorsements. Each one shows where the company sits in the value chain, how drivers pay, how the company earns money and what it means for drivers, site hosts and utilities.
Company profiles
Market share by network
Public DC fast-charging ports by network
Open public ports in the United States. Profiled networks highlighted.
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Public Level 2 ports by network
Level 2 is spread across many host-owned networks.
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Average DC fast ports per site
Site size affects waiting time and redundancy.
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Three business models
Sell equipment and software
Revenue comes from hardware and subscriptions. The site host owns the charger, pays for electricity and keeps the charging revenue. Example: ChargePoint.
Own chargers, sell charging
Revenue comes from each kWh or minute sold. The operator carries the capital cost and utilization risk. Examples: EVgo, Electrify America, Ionna.
Cars, chargers and network
The network supports vehicle sales and earns charging revenue from all brands. Example: Tesla.
Other networks in the market
Networks with at least about 100 public listings or 300 fast ports in AFDC, with port counts. Profiles of more networks are planned.
Blink
Mostly Level 2; sells equipment and also owns some stations.
5,844 sites · 1,968 DC fast · 20,356 Level 2
Ionna
Fast-charging network formed by automakers; converted former Circle K sites in 2026 and added the second-most fast ports in Q3 2026.
205 sites · 1,688 DC fast · 0 Level 2
Red E
Among the five networks adding the most fast ports in Q3 2026.
1,081 sites · 2,218 DC fast · 2,597 Level 2
Walmart
Fast charging at its own stores; added the third-most fast ports in Q3 2026.
110 sites · 916 DC fast · 0 Level 2
Rivian Adventure Network
Rivian’s fast-charging network; some new sites are NACS-only.
164 sites · 1,172 DC fast · 0 Level 2
Mercedes-Benz HPC
Mercedes-Benz High-Power Charging sites.
80 sites · 748 DC fast · 0 Level 2
bp pulse
Oil-and-gas company network with some of the largest new non-Tesla sites.
91 sites · 854 DC fast · 0 Level 2
Shell Recharge
Shell’s charging network.
76 sites · 496 DC fast · 1 Level 2
Ford Charge
Listed in AFDC as Ford Charge.
351 sites · 1,270 DC fast · 0 Level 2
EV Connect
Network software for hosts and fleets; Level 2 and fast charging.
1,345 sites · 1,577 DC fast · 2,978 Level 2
LOOP
Mostly Level 2.
1,232 sites · 162 DC fast · 9,857 Level 2
FLO
Mostly Level 2; one NACS-only fast site opened in Q3 2026.
1,223 sites · 178 DC fast · 2,895 Level 2
Vialynk
Opened some of the largest non-Tesla sites in Q3 2026.
901 sites · 518 DC fast · 4,420 Level 2
AmpUp
Level 2 network software.
832 sites · 17 DC fast · 3,490 Level 2
SWTCH
Level 2 network software.
569 sites · 278 DC fast · 2,095 Level 2
OpConnect
Mostly Level 2.
489 sites · 141 DC fast · 1,693 Level 2
FPL EVolution
Florida Power & Light’s FPL EVolution fast-charging network.
109 sites · 394 DC fast · 0 Level 2
Non-networked
Stand-alone chargers without network software.
4,783 sites · 1,030 DC fast · 12,955 Level 2
Q3 2026 notes are from Paren. Counts are AFDC public stations as of October 25, 2026.
About these profiles
Network counts are open public stations in AFDC station data, downloaded October 25, 2026 (AFDC station API). Company-reported totals include private and partner ports and can be higher.
This series follows the company-profile format used on VPP Economics: role in the value chain, business model, economics and implications.
Drive Economics has no affiliation with, sponsorship from, or endorsement by any charging network, automaker, charger maker, utility or program named here.